Tashwirul Afkar

Agama dan Dialektika Toleransi-Intoleransi: Analisis Kritis atas Dinamika Keagamaan dalam Masyarakat Plural Indonesia

Muchammad Fariz Maulana Akbar — 2024-12-30

In the context of a pluralistic society like Indonesia, religion plays an ambivalent role: on the one hand, it serves as a source of humanistic values, tolerance, and peace; on the other hand, it can be used to justify intolerance, discrimination, and even violence. This article argues that religious tolerance and intolerance are not inherent to religious teachings but result from the dynamic interplay between internal factors—such as theology, scriptural interpretation, and religious leadership—and external factors, including identity politics, economic inequality, and the rise of social media. Employing Peter L. Berger’s social construction theory and Johan Galtung’s conflict theory, this article highlights the importance of contextual interpretation, structural justice, and interfaith tolerance education as essential foundations for achieving positive peace. The findings reveal that without interpretive reform and broader social transformation, the potential for religion-based intolerance will continue to recur in various forms. Therefore, synergy between religious leaders, the state, and civil society is essential to building an inclusive and peaceful religious life in Indonesia.

Community-Based Tolerance Education Model for Urban Societies

Nenden Nenden — 2024-12-29

This study aims to examine how the Sekolah Damai Indonesia (Sekodi) community implements experiential tolerance education within a pluralistic yet fragmented society in post-reformasi Indonesia. By using a qualitative approach with a case study method, data were collected through in-depth interviews, participatory observations, and document analysis. The findings show that Sekodi’s model of community-based non-formal education successfully cultivates empathy, critical awareness, and social cohesion through dialogical and participatory learning spaces. This model challenges the limitations of top-down institutional approaches by positioning youth as co-creators of meaning and active agents of ideological transformation. The implications suggest that grassroots education can play a significant role in promoting peaceful coexistence and democratic resilience in culturally diverse societies. However, the study also reveals structural vulnerabilities due to the reliance on volunteers and informal infrastructure, which may threaten the sustainability and scalability of such initiatives. This research contributes original insights by framing tolerance education through the intersection of Weberian social action and Deweyan experiential learning, offering a practical model of peace education grounded in local contexts.

Textual Distortion in Hadith Transmission: A Critical Philological Analysis of Tashīf and Taḥrīf in Islamic Manuscript Tradition

Muhammad Syihabuddin — 2024-12-30

This study aims to investigate the phenomena of tashīf (scribal error) and taḥrīf (textual distortion) in classical Arabic manuscripts, particularly in the transmission of ḥadīth texts, as independent analytical categories within Arabic philology. Motivated by the scarcity of focused studies on these textual deviations, the research highlights their epistemological significance and role in shaping Islamic intellectual tradition. Employing a qualitative-descriptive approach grounded in classical philological sources and contemporary critical theory, this study draws data from primary hadith texts and their commentaries through documentation and content analysis methods. The findings reveal that most errors stem from the visual similarity of Arabic letters and the absence of diacritical marks in early scripts, which often lead to semantic distortions and affect the credibility of transmitters. The study also illustrates the ongoing relevance of tashīf and taḥrīf in both classical and modern contexts, including manuscript editing and theological interpretation. These phenomena have significant implications for preserving textual authenticity, understanding ideological shifts, and developing critical philological methods. The originality of this research lies in its integration of classical Islamic studies with critical philology—particularly Bernard Cerquiglini’s theory of textual variance—offering a novel framework to reexamine the dynamics of textual authority and interpretive pluralism in Islamic scholarship.

Innovative Mosque Management: Transforming Social Services and Youth Engagement at Masjid Sejuta Pemuda in Sukabumi, Indonesia

Wiwin Widiawati — 2025-07-08

This research aims to systematically explore the religious social service programmes at the Masjid Sejuta Pemuda, focusing on the management structure, implementation of ongoing social programmes, and identification and evaluation of their impact on the community. This research is important because it provides an understanding of inclusive, sustainable, and data-based mosque management practices. The method used is qualitative with a sociology of religion approach. Data collection techniques include interviews, observation, and document analysis, while analysis is done thematically through the stages of data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The results showed that Masjid Sejuta Pemuda succeeded in developing a sustainable modern mosque management model through five main pillars, namely worship, education, social, economic, and ukhuwah. Flagship programmes such as Musafir Friendly Mosque, Dapur Bagi-Bagi, and Free Premium Coffee Bar demonstrate the application of social mapping and a targeted data-based approach. Financial transparency and digitalisation of administration also strengthen management effectiveness. As a result, the mosque is able to increase youth participation, strengthen social solidarity, and provide economic and spiritual benefits to the surrounding community. The findings have important implications for the development of more innovative and independent mosque management, and can be replicated as a model for modern mosques. In an original way, this research offers a new contribution to the mosque management literature through the concept of ‘Mosque of Civilization 5.0’ that integrates social services, technology, and youth leadership. The research also provides practical guidance for mosque managers in implementing social innovation, youth recruitment strategies, digital fundraising, and transparent financial management.

The Grey Area of Religion: Negotiating the Identity of Young Indonesian Muslims Amidst Extremism, Moderatism, and Popular Culture

Muhammad Naufal Waliyuddin — 2024-12-30

This article explores the religious dynamics of the Indonesian young Muslim generation amidst the ongoing dialectical ideological contestation between extremism and moderatism. The article is a literature review of scholarly archive, digital content, and popular culture representations, and then critically analysed. The findings suggest a ‘grey area’ in Indonesian young Muslims’ religious expression; reflecting ambivalent, ambiguous and adaptive performance as part of their psychosocial transition. Instead of totally embracing either the extreme or moderate poles, Indonesian young Muslims construct a fluid, contextualised and often contradictory religiousity. Popular culture and digital media become the main arena in the process of negotiating their religious identity, with digital algorithms helping to systemically shape spiritual experiences as a complex condition that can be categorised as a wicked problem. In the context of youth culture studies, this phenomenon shows the search for new forms of piety that blend with the values of modernity. The uniqueness (novelty) of this research lies in the concept of ‘grey areas of religiosity’ as a new analytical category in contemporary Islamic studies as well as the integration of popular culture and digital technology in understanding the religiosity of Muslim youth, particularly in Indonesia.

Mapping the Sufi Ethics of the Self: A Study of Seven Virtues and Vices in Serat Nitiprana within Javanese Islam

Raha Bistara — 2024-12-30

This study aims to analyze the Sufi ethical system in Serat Nitiprana by Kiai Yasadipura I by examining the construction of seven virtues and seven vices as a framework of ethical selfhood within the Javanese-Islamic cultural context. The research responds to the growing moral disorientation and spiritual crisis among contemporary Javanese Muslims by revisiting a classical spiritual text that integrates Sufi teachings with local pedagogical strategies. Using a qualitative textual analysis approach, this study examines the macapat poetic structure of the manuscript to identify patterns of moral symbolism and spiritual instruction. The findings reveal that Serat Nitiprana systematically constructs a dualistic moral framework: virtues such as patience, humility, and self-awareness serve as progressive maqāmāt (spiritual stations), while the vices, framed as nafs impulses and satanic temptations, represent barriers in the sulūk (spiritual journey). Furthermore, the text outlines a vision of insān kāmil (the perfect self) through symbolic idioms like sangkan paraning dumadi and sedulur papat lima pancer, articulating a deeply localized Sufi cosmology. These results imply that classical Javanese Sufi literature can serve as a contextual tool for moral and spiritual education amid the erosion of traditional values. The originality of this study lies in its systematic mapping of oppositional moral elements in Serat Nitiprana, which, unlike previous historical or philological studies, interprets the text as a comprehensive and localized Sufi ethical system that remains relevant for contemporary pedagogical and spiritual discourse.